Paediatric & MIH Study ✓ Peer reviewed

Beyond Universal Coverage: The Magnitude of the Oral Health Equity Gap Between Socially Excluded Children and a Reference Paediatric Population Within a Single Spanish Setting.

Children (Basel, Switzerland) · Fernández-Mafé M, Miralles-Jordá L, Espinosa-Giménez J, Paradowska-Stolarz A, Gómez-Adrián MD, Legidos-García ME, Murillo-Llorente MT, Pérez-Bermejo M · 2026-07-12

Researchers compared oral health in socially vulnerable children attending schools in disadvantaged areas with reference children in a Spanish city, finding caries was 5.5 times more prevalent in vulnerable children despite universal healthcare coverage. Social exclusion remained strongly associated with caries even after accounting for brushing and sugar consumption, suggesting structural factors beyond individual behaviours drive the gap.

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