Paediatric & MIH Study ✓ Peer reviewed

Disparities in Amalgam use and Mercury levels in children in the United States 2015-2018.

Journal of the National Medical Association · Williams K, Puvvula J, Chen A, Warren RC, Taiwo TK, Mitchell MA · 2026-09-29

Amalgam use among US children aged 1–19 years (2015–2018) was disproportionately high in lower-income and lower-education households, with Mexican American and Black children showing elevated blood and urinary mercury levels compared to white children.

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