Other Research Study ✓ Peer reviewed

The Vape, the Mouth, and the Mycobiome: A Comparative Metagenomic Analysis

Journal of Dental Research · R. Nikam, K. Kalani, M. Beverly, P.S. Kumar · 2026-07-18

Researchers compared oral fungal communities in e-cigarette users, smokers, dual users, former smokers, and never-smokers, finding e-cigarette users had higher fungal diversity and enriched stress-tolerant species with increased bacterial-fungal interactions, suggesting e-cigarettes alter the oral mycobiome.

A plain-English summary of the study's own findings — we don't add our own claims or interpretation. Read the full paper for the complete methods and results, and apply your own clinical judgement.

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