Other Research Systematic review ✓ Peer reviewed

The Prognostic Reliability of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Temporomandibular Joint Disorder - A Systematic Review.

Annals of maxillofacial surgery · Ramesh E, Ganesan A, Lakshmi KC, Swathi KV · 2026-01-01

Researchers reviewed evidence on whether inflammatory markers in temporomandibular joint fluid could predict treatment outcomes and disease progression in TMD patients, finding that elevated interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha showed consistent associations with disease severity, though study heterogeneity limited definitive conclusions.

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