Perio & Hygiene Study ✓ Peer reviewed

The Prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax in Relation to Periodontal Disease among Patients Attending Dental Clinics in Urmia, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Iranian journal of parasitology · Azadeh Y, Khademvatan S, Goharfar Z, Shahrabi-Farahani S, Jafari R · 2026-04-01

Molecular testing of gingival samples found that 42.1% of patients carried *Entamoeba gingivalis* and 11.3% carried *Trichomonas tenax*, with both parasites significantly more prevalent in those with severe periodontitis. Male sex, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease history were associated with higher *E. gingivalis* infection rates.

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