Paediatric & MIH Study ✓ Peer reviewed

The association of perinatal factors with Molar Hypomineralization and caries - Results from an observational study.

Journal of dentistry · Kühnisch J, Ammar N, Fresen KF, Gaballah R, Pernegger E, Schill HI, Amend S, Heinrich J, Krämer N · 2026-09-14

Researchers examined perinatal factors in over 1,300 children and found that operative delivery methods and anesthesia use during birth were associated with increased molar hypomineralization risk, while perinatal factors showed weak links to caries.

A plain-English summary of the study's own findings — we don't add our own claims or interpretation. Read the full paper for the complete methods and results, and apply your own clinical judgement.

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